This Papal Bull meant that the loyalty of English Catholics towards Elizabeth was now always in doubt and placed a wedge between the English Catholics monarch and their faith. The plan was supported by various Catholic nobles, including the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland as this would mean Elizabeth (a Protestant) could be succeeded by a Catholic queen. The plan was discovered and the Earls feared being executed for treason, so in a desperate attempt to escape punishment, they rebelled against Elizabeth and tried to overthrow her. By 1572 Protestant ideas had spread in the Netherlands and Protestant Dutch rebels began a campaign for independence from Catholic Spain, leading to the Dutch Revolt. Moreover, the brazenness of these revolts was further helped by the blessing of the Pope, whose directives on recusancy and overthrowing Elizabeth were obeyed by many Catholics both domestically and internationally. Elizabeth I - reigned from 1558-1603 Elizabeth I's first rebellion to deal with was the Shane O'Neill Rebellion, which occurred in Ireland and lasted from 1558-1567. The threat of invasion was heavy as England was in the midst of strongly Catholic countries in Europe, who saw Elizabeth's Protestantism as a threat to their own countries and a major problem. Elizabeth and the Netherlands Issue - 1576-1584 (GCSE Example - Tutor2u Led by two powerful Catholic landowners, Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, and Charles Neville, Earl of Westmorland, this rebellions principal aims included the restoration of Catholicism to England, as well as the installation of Mary as Queen of England. Elizabeth made England protestant, which caused tension with the rest of Europe as they were heavily catholic (such as Spain and France). There was a very real risk that he could form an alliance with other Catholic powers such as France and Spain and invade England. Elizabeth had taken the decision to arrest any Catholic bishops that did not accept her authority as sovereign over them. Another suitor for Elizabeth was Prince Eric of Sweden, later King Eric of Sweden. Boston House, Many reasons led to discontent between Spain and England. Guy states that Northumberland's success in foreign policy was due to ending Somerset's wars . Some Vikings fled to France to establish a colony called Normandy. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. The strength of this relationship was shown by the fact that French troops were stationed on the English and Scottish border. Elizabeth was eager to nullify the threat of the Auld Alliance (Scotland and France), which had been further reinforced by the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots and French King Francis II. This delayed the Spanish attack and gave the English more time to prepare (hence the attempted invasion of the Armada one year later in 1588). Essentially, this meant England and Spain were now at war. In 1558, the same year Elizabeth became Queen of England, a number of Elizabeth I (r.1558-1603) | The Royal Family Suitable for the Edexcel GCSE History (9-1) course. This meant atholics did not think . Following Marys death, there were no more major Catholic plots during Elizabeths reign. Sir Francis Drake was a leading privateer and responsible for leading several expeditions into the New World in the late 1560s and 1570s. Marriage and the Succession She was expected to marry and produce an heir for the Tudor line but she wanted to choose the right person and not anger anyone. Another serious contender was Francis, Duke of Alencon, later Duke of Anjou. Spouse: None. Spain had colonies in North and South America and Englands trade with them was very profitable, but foreigners needed a license to trade there.
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