And of course the marginal cost to the operator of these discretionary trips is close to zero, especially as they are almost wholly out of peak periods. Intuitively most of the induced extra trips, in a monthly fee, rather than pay per usage system, will be very short trips, that are easily substituted by walking or biking. When I had an unlimited pass in New York, Id travel from Eastern Queens near the city limits to Manhattan for school on the weekdays, and go to Flushing on the weekends. This is also a common way of pricing telecom services, where the majority of costs arise from providing the network, not the marginal cost of using it. I can only speak of Colognes system (and my bus and tram service to uni and the station) but Colognes busses and trams even have ticket machines inside. Of course you need a good system. The panhandlers, subway dancers, public urinators, and worse are what drives people away from transit. But fares account for the largest chunk about 38 percent (or $6.2 billion) of the MTAs annual earnings. But I think those differences have eroded by now. Software They were technically convenient before modern technology (and thus motivated historically), but today there is no excuse to not have payments per trip, and per distance (and preferably also extra in rush hour). You must read the notice carefully as it may not be necessary for you to come to court in person. Is it a trip possible by biking or walking? Let me tell you many working class people like law and order and a good public realm. Counter-productive user pays econo-rat bullshit. Which surprised quite a few people that night. Makes the second point much less important, even to those minorities (those minorities are much less likely to be subject to this treatment in France versus the US). Your argument against which kind of trips that are induced by marginal price costs of 0, just makes no sense. I certainly tend to see S-Bahn inspectors more than I used to. Your first point is the more important one: absolute rate is way lower. A Monthly Travelcard for zones 1-2 (inner London) is 134.80 (US$169.45, 150.96) You may then be held in custody until you appear in front of the next available court. In Berlin theres a similar situation DB Regio runs the S-Bahn, BVG runs the U-Bahn and surface transit and thus a similar issue arises of how to split revenues. Furthermore, their consultation fees, in comparison to several others was also the most honest Id come across. france.fr The official website of France. Trains and trams are also PoP. Your everyone else is the minority, and just as with your earlier wrong assumption, they might be tempted by a monthly pass but under your scheme there wouldnt be any point. This is bad practice, especially for passengers who prefer to refill at a ticketing machine rather than at home or on their phone with an app, since it means passengers visit the ticketing machines more often, requiring the agency to buy more to avoid long lines. It seems a bit of a wasted effort otherwise, eh?, Oh, should of added, that this is why when youre designing your roaming checks youre really looking for how you can MAXIMISE the number of people that saw that check happen.
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