The motor neuron conducts efferent impulses from the integration center to an effector organ. Argyll Robertson pupil is found in late-stage syphilis, a disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. A direct pupillary reflex is pupillary response to light that enters the ipsilateral (same) eye. Ganglion cells of the retina project fibers through the optic nerve to the ipsilateral pretectal nucleus. Get plagiarism-free solution within 48 hours, Submit your documents and get free Plagiarism report, Your solution is just a click away! Physical examination determines that touch, vibration, position and pain sensations are normal over the entire the body and over the lower left and right side of his face. The pupil is the dark circular opening in the center of the iris and is where light enters the eye. The iris sphincter is innervated by the postganglionic parasympathetic axons (short ciliary nerve fibers) of the ciliary ganglion (Figure 7.3). Pupillary light reflex | physiology | Britannica The pupillary light reflex pathway. The sensory losses would involve those sensations the cranial nerve normally conveys (e.g., taste from the anterior two thirds of the tongue and somatic sensations from the skin of the ear - if facial nerve is damaged). A child is practicing for a bicycle motocross race. {\displaystyle \Phi =IA} Valentin Dragoi, Ph.D., Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School Reflexes are rapid, predictable, and involuntary motor responses to stimuli. t (c) What are the directions of his acceleration at points A,BA, BA,B, and CCC? The pupils are generally equal in size. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia The motor losses may be severe (i.e., a lower motor neuron loss that produces total paralysis) if the cranial nerve contains all of the motor axons controlling the muscles of the normally innervated area. -The subject shields their right eye with a hand between the eye and the right side of the nose. Even one lesion in the pathway can severely deteriorate the quality of vision. d a large number of neurons and their associated synapses. Diseases that affect tethering of the inferior rectus muscle, such as thyroid eye disease, or cause muscular weakness, such as myasthenia gravis, can cause an absent Bells reflex.
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